A Review on the Characterization, Causes, and Treatment of the Pancreatitis Disease

Pancreatitis is a disease which is caused by inflammation of the pancreas. Pancreas is a large gland that is damaged when digestive enzymes are become activated before releasing into small intestine and these digestive enzymes attack the pancreas. There are two main types of pancreatitis, one is acute pancreatitis and the other is chronic pancreatitis. The pain sometimes goes into the back. Fever may occur in acute pancreatitis and symptoms may appear in a few days. And weight loss, fatty stool, and diarrhea may occur in chronic pancreatitis. In severe cases of this disease, infection, bleeding, and permanent tissue damage may occur. A few infections like fungal, bacterial, parasitical, and viral can be major causes of pancreatitis. To diagnose the pancreatitis medical imaging like ultrasound and CT scan will be very useful. And acute pancreatitis diagnosis was generally based on the threefold increase in the blood of lipase and amylase. Antibiotics, intravenous fluids, pain medication are those treatments that are used to treat the acute pancreatitis. Generally, no eating and drinking will be allowed during treatment and tube is injected in the stomach. This method is known as endoscope cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This procedure is used to open the pancreatic tube. In some cases, there is a need to remove the gallbladder to treat the pancreatitis. In chronic pancreatitis treatment, a nasogastric tube will be very useful to supply enough nutrition. Lon-term dietary changes and pancreatic enzyme replacement will also be required. And sometimes surgery will be done to eliminate the defective parts of the pancreas.